Writings | Angie Reyes

Net Neutrality

Originally written in October 2011 for a graduate class at Quinnipiac University.

1.  Net Neutrality

The Big Picture

A free and open web has existed since the history of time.  We are a country founded on freedom.  We ask our government to be fair and balanced.  Net neutrality can only be expected on the world wide web – consumers and corporations walking side by side, hand in hand, with equal rights.  It’s a perfect world that once existed, but times have changed.  Now, just like everything else, corporations want to take over, monopolize, charge fees, and provide sponsorship to the biggest bettor.

DILEMMA

November 20, 2011 marks the date that FCC rules go into effect regarding net neutrality.  “The rules are intended to protect consumers by ensuring that everyone has equal access to the Web,” (Ecommercetimes.com).  Some think the rules aren’t strict enough, but others think that no rules should be set since we have always existed in a net neutral world without government involvement.  This, however, would open the door for top corporations like AT&T, Comcast, Verizon, and Time Warner to begin their takeover and ultimate destruction of a free, open web (Savetheinternet.com)

I am a person of one, but if net neutrality were to go bye-bye, it would affect me immensely.

ETHICS

I am going to be really selfish here in listing three issues that would affect me if net neutrality became a thing of the past:

•Music

•Cost

•Patience.

 

When I wake up at 2:20 in the morning to get ready for work, the first thing I do after I shut my alarm off is put my iPod headphones in my ears and get the day started with a favorite, pump-me-up song.  I end my night the same way.

If net neutrality didn’t exist, I would be forced to pay a ridiculous amount of money for music online.  In the beginning of this year, I finally made the decision to put my CDs away for good.  All my songs are housed on my external hard drive and iTunes library.  I am dependent upon iTunes to get my music.  Music makes my world go round.  Without it I would probably be in a bad mood all of the time.  Not kidding.  I love it.

I also like options.  In a world without net neutrality, I would not have the option to download Brenda Russell’s Piano in the Dark from iTunes, Amazon, or even YouTube.  It would be sold by one vendor, at one price.

Corporation monopolization has been an issue for centuries.  But the government has always been there trying to prevent it – granted not always putting up their best fight.  Just recently, the Justice Department got into the ring to prevent the second and fourth-largest wireless carriers, AT&T and T-Mobile, respectively, from combining forces, because of the Department’s fear that it would lessen competition, increase prices, make service suffer, and offer less products (Bloomberg.com).  The same scenarios would hold true if net neutrality was given its walking papers.

I already think I pay too much to use the Internet at a fast speed – $52.95 a month.  I would like to note that it really is around $75, because if Comcast didn’t force me to sign up for basic cable that is what the cost of the Internet alone would be.  How much would I, as a peon amongst large corporations, be expected to pay if the Internet was no longer free or open?  $75 dollars is outlandish enough.  The cost of living is going up and paychecks are flatlining.  I wouldn’t use the Internet out of principle alone if net neutrality became a thing of the past.  I also wouldn’t use it, because I have no patience.

One of the changes that the big four (AT&T, Comcast, Verizon, and Time Warner) are demanding is that those who pay will be granted faster download speeds.  I cannot offer the funds that Google can.  I would be stuck with a service comparable, but maybe even worse, than dial-up.  I cannot regress.  I am one of the most impatient people I know.  I would give up the Internet, sign up for a library card, and start checking out books like the good ol’ days (Savetheinternet.com).

I would rather be without than live in a world of injustice every time I click on a link.  The principle behind the loss of net neutrality would cause me stress every day.  I always say that my principles are worth more than my paycheck or in this case the fees that would be levied for me to use a slow, inferior Internet.  I stopped using NetZero for a reason – I don’t have the patience to wait a half hour for a song to download when I know it can be done in seconds.

Knowledge is power, and that is why net neutrality will never go away, at least without a fight from the people who know what they have and want to keep it the way it is and hopefully will always be.

DEVIL’S ADVOCATE

I don’t even want to address the business standpoint, because it infuriates me that the common folk always get the short stick when the big boys come out to play.  But for the sake of argument, here it goes:

If I had money invested in any of the four corporations looking to control the Internet, then net neutrality would be the source of all evil.  I would convince the voting public to write their Senators and Congressional members to block the FCC from imposing such strict rules and allowing the government to takeover yet another aspect of their lives.  I would hold the same views as the law makers who believe that this is an “over-regulation designed to correct a nonexistent problem,” (Forbes.com).  Companies and the public have been flourishing just fine without intervention since the Internet became a household phenomenon.  Jobs would be created if the government allowed these corporations to make a claim on the open frontier.  We are a country in need of a financial rejuvenation, a blockage of these frivolous rules imposed by the FCC would allow for job growth and stabilization (Dangerousintersection.org).

I don’t know how convincing that was, because I don’t believe a word of it.  Surprisingly, this has been the hardest opposing point of view that I have had to write all semester.

ANALYSIS

When large, successful companies like Amazon, eBay, Microsoft, Facebook, and Yahoo! stand behind net neutrality, it is hard to believe that any Congressional leader or Senator would stand in the way of the FCC’s lax rules regarding net neutrality (Savetheinternet.com).  Although my reasons for wanting a neutral net are selfish – music, cost, and patience – the damage that can be done to an Internet that is no longer free and fair will be astronomical.  Consumers are struggling to survive, and those that use a fast, quality Internet for work and to support their livelihood are doomed.  Mom and Pop shops all over this country have slowly died, because of the takeover of big corporations in department stores, convenience stores, grocery stores, music shops, and more.  The Internet gave life back to small businesses.  To take that hope away again would cripple the economy even more, and leave us further in debt as a country and as a people.  AT&T, Comcast, Verizon, and Time Warner should brighten their computer monitors to get a good look at the big picture, and see that net neutrality is worth far more than any profit that they would ever make if it were to disappear.

Hummingbirds.net Redesign Proposal

Originally written in December 2010 for a graduate class at Quinnipiac University.

1.  Executive Summary:

Fat Birder ranks Hummingbirds.net as a Top 40 website among the Top 1000 Birding Websites. Although the site has some success, many aspects of it need to be altered in order to leave users with a great first impression and a reason to keep coming back.

In order to test the effectiveness of Hummingbirds.net, a usability test was conducted.  Three participants of varying ages and Internet experience were asked to perform three various tasks to evaluate the ease of navigation and their ability to locate crucial information.

Based upon an initial analysis, a usability study, competitive comparisons and site map and wireframe comparisons the following changes are recommended to improve Hummingbirds.net.  Each recommendation is ranked according to severity as it pertains to functionality and the ability to use the site effectively.

  • Very Severe
  1. Rearrange and rename the local navigation links.
  2. Relocate and make the search box more prominent.
  3. Rewrite and simplify text and links to make the site easier to read and to understand the purpose of the website.
  • Severe
  1. Relocate the “Home” button.
  2. Reorganize and restructure the layout.
  3. Rearrange and restructure the scan column.
  4. Create easy access to photographs and videos.
  • Minor
  1. Eliminate the “Looking for answers” gif.

View the entire proposal here…

An Improved Flickr

Originally written in November 2010 for a graduate class at Quinnipiac University.

An Improved

Executive Summary:

Flickr is a popular and successful photo sharing website.  It has millions of users who upload images to its site and billions of photos that are uploaded.  Even with Flickr’s success, there is room for improvement and ways to make a stronger first impression.

What can be done to improve Flickr:

  1. Adjustments to homepage:
    • Make the sign-in link more prominent
    • Make navigation links stand out
    • Eliminate scrolling
    • Make everything pink a link
    • Avoid pop-up windows
  1. Address limitations:
    • Increase amount of data a user can have to upload images
    • Increase amount of data a user can have to upload videos
  1. Technology additions:
    • Instant messaging to allow for additional conversations and actions
  1. Additional notes:
    • Make the upload button more prominent on a user’s dashboard
    • Promote Flickr Pro

Flickr offers users the four elements of online identity: a profile, a presence, a reputation, and relationships.  They also provide various activities, means of sharing, and ways of conversing that define the essence of social media.  These improvements will alter the behaviors of users as it relates to initial impression, navigation, and communication.

The Homepage

On flickr.com, I first see a stunning image.  I then see the tagline, and lastly an entrance into the site.  Although “Create Your Account” is written in a way that speaks to users in an inviting manner, the button itself demands attention.  Just as many users need to sign-in as those that need to create an account; make the “Sign in” button grab user’s attention just as quick and just as obvious.

Navigation links are not set up in a standard format.  “Share & stay in touch”, “Upload & organize”, “Make stuff!” and “Explore…” are not in a column to the left or right of the screen.  Placing them in a position on the web where collectively they are as large as the advertisement does not make scanning the homepage easy.  Giving these links borders will differentiate them from the white background.  Make these items stand out rather than meld.  Something as simple as a drop shadow will suffice while also making a user’s experience pleasant and easy.

Additional items to address:

  • Pink text translates a link.  Not all pink text link to other web pages.  This encourages misuse of the site.  Make pink text link.
  • Make the homepage content fill the screen to avoid scrolling.  There is enough white space to compensate for this unnecessary action.  This will allow the elimination of the duplicate link “Take the Tour” as well as the empty space below the footer.
  • A pop-up window is displayed when a user requests to sign-in.  Rather than open a new browser window, redirect the user to a new web page within the same browser window.  A pop-up window is not necessary.

Limitations

Social media is a unique form of communication.  Limiting a user’s data places restraints on that method of communication.  On Flickr, with a free account a user can upload up to 100MB worth of images per month.

One image from a prosumer camera can be up to 2.3MB.  That means in 30 days a user can upload only around 50 images.  A tourist on an average vacation takes hundreds of photos.  Users want to share their family photos from Disney World.  They want to show their friends pictures they took while on their honeymoon in St. Martin.  They don’t want to share half of them.  They want to share all of them.  They want to do this within a month of returning from their travel. Flickr must increase the amount of space a free account offers.

With the recent addition of video sharing, Flickr has thrust itself into a new realm of social networking. But in order to compete, the limitations on video size must be altered.  Flickr, currently, offers users with a free account the ability to share 2 videos per month with up to 90 seconds worth of content.  A free account on YouTube allows 2GB per video with a 15-minute maximum duration.  Even a user that pays for an account on Flickr ($24.95 a year) is limited to 90 seconds and 500MB per video.  There is no competition – YouTube is the winner.

Other issues to address in regards to registered users on Flickr:

  • The upload link in a user’s dashboard needs to be prominent.  It is overshadowed by other activity on the page.  An obvious link will eliminate the need to have the Upload feature appear twice on the same page.
  • There is no promotion or advertisement for Flickr Pro.  It is a paid service that offers more features to users that pay $24.95 a year.  There is no mention of the service on flickr.com with the exception of it listed under the FAQ link.

Be More Social

Flickr is one of a multitude of social networking websites.  The site offers users the option to create conversations through the comment feature.  There is, however, much more potential to replicate a natural, realistic form of communication which is the essence of social networking sites.  Flickr can do this by offering conversations via instant messaging (IM).  Users want their pictures to be paid attention to just as much as they want to discuss their pictures.  With comments, a person may not see them right away.  The conversation has ended before it ever begins.  More action can be taken once a user notices an instant form of communication.  A user wants to give attention as well as get attention; IM can provide a better means for this type of social behavior.

Conclusion:

Social networking is an experience.  It is Flickr’s responsibility to provide users with the best experience they can offer among the photo and video sharing websites.  Flickr must brand itself in a way that dominates these other sites, so that users can continue to be creators, critics, collectors, joiners, and spectators in the ever-growing field of social networking.  Flickr can do so by eliminating stringent limitations and creating an interface that is technically flawless, aesthetically pleasing, and one that encourages meaningful social communication beyond a commentary level.  To be the best, you must offer the best.  Flickr can be the best.


5:3 Create a Positive First Impression on Your Site

Originally written in November 2010 for a graduate class at Quinnipiac University.

It’s the “front door.”  It’s what users see first.  The homepage is the gateway to a website.  The first impression of a homepage needs to be a positive, lasting impression if a user is to return.  I agree with usability guideline 5:3: Treat your homepage as the key to conveying the quality of your site.  A design team has one shot to nail their personas, design, and content to obtain user satisfaction.

In “An Empirical Evaluation of User Interfaces for Topic Management of Web Sites,” the empirical study involved the concept of topic management and concluded that, “most subjects made their judgment of a site by viewing only the front page of the site.”   This strongly supports the guideline that the first impression can make or break a website.

Further data from this study supporting the notion that the homepage needs to create a positive experience states that,  “Among the 399 sites that users rejected, 285 sites were rejected after browsing the front page,” (Amento, et al, 1999).  That’s over 70%.  It’s said you can’t judge a book by its cover, but that’s exactly how users navigate the web.  Users don’t have the time to figure out a website; they shouldn’t have to either.

For a recent 512 assignment, we were asked to provide examples of bad web experiences or sites.  The comments provided by students further prove that the first impression is the most important.

jesmcan “I also am very judgmental like you Ryan about web sites.  I often stumble upon them, if they are not aesthetically pleasing I leave the site.”

Ryan “I do tend to check out websites in advance, and if that’s the only impression then I base my opinion on it.”

In “Factors influencing the experience of website usage,” it is noted that perceived usefulness, ease of use, hedonic quality and visual attractiveness all play a vital role in the user’s eye when they navigate a website for the first time.  If one of these necessities is lacking from the homepage, away a user goes to find another site that will make that great first impression.

Lastly, the article on “Role Playing on the Web: Guidelines for Designing and Evaluating Personas Online” provides insight into the role that credibility, quality, values, and personas play in regards to a user’s impression of a website.  Does the site offer quality content?  If not, a user may look for it elsewhere.  Was the site designed with the right persona in mind?  “If we as users don’t like who we are allowed-sometimes required-to become as we enter a particular site, we are not likely to stay for long,” (Coney and Steehouder, 2000).  Is the site credible?  Where is the contact information?

Recently, I had to navigate the pages of Norton Antivirus in search of a telephone number.  I had been wrongly charged for a subscription renewal.  I navigated through at least 10 web pages and made three, different attempts to find what I was looking for.  Instead of being located under “Contact Us” (one click away), I had to maneuver through countless and wasteful links to get a simple, phone number.  If I had not been out over $60, I would have given up in frustration.  In my eyes, Symantec’s credibility has dropped considerably.

A web design team has a lot to juggle to create a great site and experience.  It’s an intricate balance of personas, visuals, credibility, content, and nameless other factors.  Yet, they have one shot to woo us as users.  I concur with usability guideline 5:3, the homepage must make a great first impression if it is to win users over and maintain them for years to come.

Special Effects- The Star

Originally written in July 2010 for a graduate class at Quinnipiac University.

IT SELLS

Content is no longer king.  The computer is.  Special effects dominate.  Special effects lure.

Transformers: Dark of the Moon raked in hundreds of millions of dollars over the fourth of July holiday weekend.  Special effects movies are worth far more than straight cut films.

Tom Hanks’ Larry Crowne took in a mere $15.6 million during the same weekend (Latimes.com).  Special effects sell.

There are many purposes behind the use of special effects.  In a 1998 article featured in The New York Times, Jason Schamus summed it up best: “There are special effects that are used to enhance the image or the story line, to fix things or underscore some emotional aspect of the film, and there is the other side, when special effects are in fact the stars of the movie” (Nytimes.com).

In Transformers 3, the star of the flick is definitely the 3-D effects.  As Garrett Estrada writes in The Rebel Yell, “Those faithful to the series will definitely find lots to like here.  For those that are not so easily lured by always sweaty Shia LeBeouf and new hottie Rosie Hunnington-Whiteley, I’d recommend the film for the fabulous action at the end” (Unlvrebelyell.com).  Special effects is the star.

I would rather have watched Larry Crowne than Transformers based upon their respective trailers and reviews.  I am not a person easily persuaded by awesome effects to pull me into the box office.  I’d rather a good story line with an amazing cast of characters.

I have seen the occasional special effects movies.  I am guilty of watching the Harry Potter flicks as well as the Twilight saga.  I have read all of the books.  Since I knew how they ended, I would not have watched any of them in the theatre or on DVD if there were not special effects to captivate my attention.  You just don’t get the same elements and emotions from reading a book as you do an animated tale – a snake jumping at the camera; wands throwing magic spells with a bang and a flash of light.  Special effects give life to a movie.  They take you away from reality and into a world where impossible doesn’t exist and your imagination goes to places unfounded.  Special effects are fun; they are entertaining.

Our senses have adapted to this computer-generated excitement that is anticipated with each hyped-up flick featuring special effects as the star.  Special effects drive people to the theaters in droves.  The only movie I can remember watching as a kid that combined special effects with human characters is Mary Poppins.  Nowadays things are different.  Today’s generation is surrounded by three-dimensional images on-screen, in video games, in music videos – animation is everywhere and a lot have come to expect it.

It is no surprise that out of the top 10 movies in the U.S. and Canada during the fourth of July weekend that 5 of these movies featured special effects or animation (Latimes.com).  Special effects have become the norm.  The attention span of kids isn’t what it used to be.  You need to dazzle in order to keep their attention.  But being surrounded by it incessantly has created an in-demand attitude for those animation fireworks.  Special effects can be overused.

ANIMATION IN NEWS

I don’t use computer-generated effects or graphics in my news stories unless it adds to the piece.  All the good editors say, the only photojournalists who use special effects are the ones that don’t know how to edit.  I would rather have my edited piece be straight cut edits, because I want to show the pictures.  When I shoot video, I shoot transitionally.  I use the video that I shot to act as a dissolve or a wipe or an effect.  There is no need for a corny, star wipe or a floating soundbite on top of another image.  I want viewers to pay as much attention to my editing as they do to the video I shoot.

But I must say, there are times when you need the effects.  Recently, I did a sweeps piece on bath salts (a drug that acts like cocaine and is currently legal in CT).  If I didn’t use special effects, the piece would not have been as strong.  Special effects stand out.

I have received more praise for the work I did that featured effects than I do on pieces that are edited just as well, but lack that extra spark.  The effects give these pieces something more.  They show viewers that this story was produced in a way that was different from our everyday news product.  Without the effects, the message and its impact could be lost or not as prominent.  More effort and time are put into these pieces and it shows.

But that’s the thing.  Adding special effects takes time – a lot of time.  On a regular day, I can edit a news story in 20 minutes.  Not because I want to, but because that is all the time I have.  Deadlines win.  Special effects lose.

So although a movie projection screen is filled with three-dimensional figures coming to life and charging a movie audience, local news stories for the most part aren’t, and the reason why – time.  There just isn’t enough.

These special assignments I have produced take up to 8 hours to edit.  You have to render, undo, re-render.  It is very time consuming.  And unless time is granted by a slew of managers and assignment editors, the workday just isn’t long enough for special effects to be included in our everyday projects even though the product would be ten times better with them.  Granted, animation isn’t always needed to get your point across, and sometimes editors do overuse them.

HOW MUCH IS TOO MUCH?

You can’t really explain when you have the perfect amount of special effects.  You just know.  I had to edit a special assignment story on terrorism funding being cut in Bridgeport, CT.  I started the piece off with a cop car flying by the camera.  I thought it was enough to open the story – natural sound being podded up with music in the background.  My reporter, however, wanted more.  He wanted a dazzle effect.  I thought it was too much.  I normally will go with a reporter’s request, because for the most part they give me complete control over the piece.  But in this case, I did not meet the request.  It just would have looked cheesy and fake.  Why?  I hate to sound like a parent to an over questioning child, but…because.  There is no other way to explain it.  The reporter let me get my way without putting up much fuss.  And the piece ended up being better, because it wasn’t bogged down by unnecessary effects that had no point or meaning behind them.  You have to use animations sparingly.  And knowing that comes with time and experience.

AND NOW STARRING

Enter technology, where experience is irrelevant.  Technology opened the door with the advent of inexpensive equipment and smartphones.  With mobile phones, you can shoot video and edit all in one place.  One person even created a video clip solely shot and edited on an iPhone (B-roll.net).  The quality of it is quite impressive.

But technological advancements introduced those that have no clue about animation to a magnitude of options and presented it to them at their very own finger tips.  That, however, doesn’t mean that the users know how to use animation techniques properly.  They have access, but still not the means to understand the power of special effects.

Technology has made us all producers and given us the capability and affordability to be animators, but we still need to know how to use it and when.  Most YouTube videos make us laugh.  We don’t watch them with our mouths open, drooling over how awe-inspiring the effects are in these home-produced videos.

As noted in The New York Times, “if there is one mantra in the houses that create the effects, it is this: If you can think it, we can make it” (Nytimes.com).  But let’s do just that.  Let’s leave the work up to the professionals with years and even decades worth of experience.  Just because we can, doesn’t mean we should.  And I include myself among that category.

To be quite honest, special effects will continue to dominate and grow as the star in movies, video games, television, commercials, and everything smartphone, but I will more than likely have no part in it.  I do enjoy learning about how to use programs like After Effects and Flash, but I will probably never switch my career from video to strictly animation.  I’ll use it as an additive to my video productions, and for that I am grateful to have learned the basics.  But I think that is how most users should be.  Learn the software and use it for your own purposes or to strengthen your skill set.

…THE END

Special effects are more than a commodity.  They boost a piece. They give it life – pizazz.  Special effects are necessary, but you still need to use them appropriately, even gingerly if you want their true impact to be felt.  And when you have used them in all the right spots, you have created art.  Transformers 3 may not be a masterpiece, but you cannot deny that its popularity comes from the star of flick – special effects.

WORKS CITED

Estrada, Garrett.  “Transformers 3: Dark of the Moon Movie Review.”  Unlvrebelyell.com.  The Rebel Yell, 4 July 2011.

First iPhone Film Shot and Edited on a Phone.”  B-roll.net, 28 June 2010.

Kaufman, Amy.  “Box Office: ‘Transformers,’ a U.S. hit, soars even higher abroad [Updated].”  Latimes.com. Los Angeles Times, 4 July 2011.

McDonald, William.  “Summer Movies; Dazzled or Dazed? The Wide Impact of Special Effects.”  Nytimes.com.  The New York Times, 3 May 1998.

Video On Demand

Originally written in July 2010 for a graduate class at Quinnipiac University.

“The Internet has made it possible for anyone with a video camera to become a filmmaker,” (Wall Street Journal).  With the advent of the web, came the advent of the successful, amateur filmmaker.  Anyone can use a camera.  Anyone can upload video to the web.  Anyone can be an online producer.

On YouTube you can find the hit “David after Dentist.”  More than 63 million people viewed this clip, which consists of one camera, one wide shot, and no editing.  According to The Huffington Post, 32.1 million Americans tuned in to see President Obama’s Oil Spill Speech.

YouTube is a success.  You want video; you got it: Martin Luther King’s “I have a Dream,” speech – on YouTube; Gilbert O’Sullivan’s “Alone Again (Naturally)” – on YouTube.  Viewers can delve into the past, reminisce about growing up, recollect on where they were when JFK was assassinated.  But YouTube’s primary use is to record the present.

YouTube is a segment on The View  dealing in Hot Topics.  It keeps you up to speed with the latest water cooler conversation.  If it’s not David After Dentist then it’s Chris Crocker’s “LEAVE BRITNEY ALONE.”  I’ve seen both, so have you.  Crocker’s upload received just as many hits as President Obama’s Oil speech.  The speech I didn’t see.  Did you?

Successful YouTube videos make their way onto local television stations daily.  Local Fox affiliates around the nation produce a segment called Viral Video where they showcase the “it” YouTube video of the day.  If you visit Fox43tv, their site has a vault’s worth of archived YouTube clips.  I know of “Dancing boy in the red shirt” and “Chubby cuppy cake boy,” because the station I work for aired them on our daily newscast during the Viral Video segment.

Video produced from nontraditional formats is making its way on the airwaves.  Television stations are not only relying on YouTube for their content, but cell phone footage as well.  WTNH packaged a news story using multimedia footage: “Ambulance explodes in Hartford.”  In the piece, a man witnessed an ambulance explosion on the streets of Hartford.  He captured video of the accident on his cell phone.  The man and his dramatic footage became the story intertwined with the station’s high quality footage of the aftermath which was shot on a professional Betacam SX.  Without the man, the story isn’t as compelling.  Without his cell phone video, you don’t see the smoke or hear the explosion, you are left with just the aftermath.

“As a network-connected device, megapixel camera phones are playing significant roles in crime prevention, journalism, and business applications as well as individual uses” (Wikipedia.com).  Video from the web is on demand, its uses unknown.  As it continues to develop so does the technology.

Cost and Effect

Not only is it possible to shoot video with your cell phone, you can edit your video on it.  B-roll.net featured a video entitled, “First iPhone Film Shot and Edited on a Phone” in a recent article.  The iPhone 4′s capabilities are impressive.  The video is crisp, the lighting amazing.  The iPhone 4 shoots in HD.  It captures video that a regular sized professional camera never could.  For $199 you are capable of producing professional quality video and editing with a moderate software (Apple.com).

Producing video for distribution on the web is easy.  It’s also cheap.  On Best Buy’s website, there are seven camcorders that cost under $50 (Bestbuy.com). Look at the required equipment we need as graduate students to produce content for the web: The Flip Ultra.  For $149, “The Flip Ultra camcorder makes it easier than ever to shoot and share video…And because of Ultras pocket-sized portability, you’ll truly be able to capture video anytime, anywhere” (Theflip.com).

The downside of this portable, immediate, inexpensive world of web video?  One word, three syllables: quality.  I recently wrote a blog post on where the quality of news is headed.  Kathy Reynolds is one of the reporters I interviewed to get her take on the emergence of nontraditional media in TV news.  She has over twelve years of experience in television news.  She said, “Video is shot on cell phones and without tripods.  Pictures are not taken by trained photographers but by regular folks with point and shoot cameras.  The “art” of television news is disappearing.  The prevailing attitude again, is that viewers will tolerate the unprofessional video placed on YouTube, so they aren’t expected to balk at it when it’s on our news reports.”

To professionals in the world of video, web videos are dangerous.  Video is grainy and shaky.  Audio pops and is inaudible.  As inexperienced filmmakers pick up cameras, quality suffers and the art of photography fades like an old photograph exposed to the sun.  With practice, video can be shot better, one can learn how to pod audio up or down.  But photography is an art.  Greatness will be hard to find on the majority of vlogs.

But web videos aren’t going anywhere: NBC, CBS, ABC, FOX, Hulu, YouTube – online videos are everywhere and will continue to be the trend at least for the next decade or two.

There’s an upside in all of this: success of amateur filmmakers.  In The Wall Street Journal, Sab Kanaujia provides an example, “Rocketboom– Amanda Congdon established herself online.  She leveraged her online popularity to get an offer from ABC, which she accepted.  Now, she’s using that opportunity to marry the digital and traditional worlds by anchoring in addition to doing video blogs on ABC.com.”  Coongdon is one example, there are many success stories that came from YouTube or personal websites, but there is also a lot of productions that lack quality.

NOW

The key words with web video are: anytime, anywhere.  We as a society want to share our lives with our friends, families, and anyone who will listen and view.  The other day I was sent to Vernon, CT to cover a story.  I texted my fellow photographer about the amazing view we had.  He replied, “I want to see a picture.”  I had already taken some, but in order to show him, I pulled out my cell phone, snapped a new picture, and sent it to his phone.  “As mobile phones are constantly carried, camera phones allow for capturing moments at any time.  Mobile communication also allows for immediate transmission of content” (Wikipedia.com).  The Black Eyed Peas sing it best in “Now Generation”:

“And I can’t wait

I want it immediately

And I just can’t wait

I want it immediately

Cause time can’t wait and

I sure can’t wait

I ain’t got no patience

I sure can’t wait”

 (Metrolyrics.com)

Mobile technology breeds immediacy.  With the advent of the Internet, society made its demands.  We want videos right here and now – riding the bus to work, on our road trip to Florida, outside at the park.  The phone is replacing the computer just as the computer replaced the TV.

TV stations are scrambling to become more web based.  In The Wall Street Journal, Steven Starr states, “I’m absolutely convinced online video is where the creative center of the next decade, and possibly the next quarter century, will reside.”  I would agree.  I work in the field of television news.  I see the demand for web content more than TV.  We go live at press conferences that stream only for the web, not TV.  We shoot breaking news, and have to send back still photographs for the web.  Our new procedure is to send a 45 second edited video clip for the web not via a live truck, but through email.  Local TV news is becoming more web and less TV.

Video on the web is the future.  TV stations are jumping ship.  In 2007 Starr predicted, “Web video as a nascent art form, one that promises significant and sustainable revenue as it develops, is close at hand” (Wall Street Journal).  It’s 2010, video for the web is still in its development stages, but the knocking on the door has turned into pounding.

Future

Interviewer: Where do you see yourself in ten years?

Web Video: Dominating the world.

Definition of supply and demand: “…an economic model of price determination in a market.  It concludes that in a competitive market, price will function to equalize the quantity demanded by consumers, and the quantity supplied by producers, resulting in an economic equilibrium of price and quantity,” (Wikipedia.com).  Costs for camcorders will continue to decrease as the quality increases.  More people will become producers of media online.  There will be a lesser need for television.  The computer will be replaced.  We will all carry around cell phones to access the Internet and watch TV programs and movies.  We will continue to share our experiences instantaneously with our circle of Facebook friends by going to McDonald’s, ordering a Big Mac and sending video through their free Wi-Fi service.

Videos on the web are still in their beginning stages.  Once the professionals find a way for advertisers to invest in their online product, the demand will stabilize.  Until then amateur filmmakers are on the raise praying for success.  When the wave subsides, video will have killed more than the radio star.  But the emergence of its creation will overshadow the darkness and all will be good in the world again.

Because the use of web based video is still developing, I am uncertain of my role.  But I do know my career in television news is numbered along with many other jobs.  I will adapt just as the traditional media industries are doing.  If you can’t beat them, join them.

 

Works Cited

Ambulance explodes in Hartford.” Wtnh.com, July 8, 2010.

Apple Store: iPhone 4.” Apple.com.

Black Eyed Peas: Now Generation Lyrics.” Metrolyrics.com.

Camera Phone: Social Impact.” Wikipedia.com.

David after dentist.” YouTube.com, January 30, 2009.

First iPhone Film Shot and Edited on a Phone.” B-roll.net, June 28, 2010.

Flip Ultra.” Theflip.com.

Is Web Video a Threat to TV?The Wall Street Journal, August 7, 2007.

LEAVE BRITNEY ALONE.”  YouTube.com, September 10, 2007.

Less than $50: Camcorders.”  Bestbuy.com.

Obama Oil Spill Speech Ratings: 32 Million Watch, Down From Previous Speeches.”  The Huffington Post, June 6, 2010.

Reynolds, Kathy. Email INTERVIEW. July 2010.

Supply and demand.” Wikipedia.com.

Viral Video Vault.”  Fox43tv.com.

Greatness

Originally written in August 2010 for a graduate class at Quinnipiac University.

Professor Kalm’s latest critique of my work inspired me to ask myself, “What makes a photograph good?”  I begin with my initial response, “I don’t know.”  That answer does not satisfy me, my argument ensues.

I have been listening to classic songs from the 70s and 80s: Jackson Browne’s “Somebody’s Baby,” Gilbert O’Sullivan’s “Alone Again (Naturally),” and Bruce Hornsby’s “Mandolin Rain.”  I am a generation that is rediscovering these classics.  These hits live on because they are great songs.  What makes them great is the same reason a photograph is great.  They speak to me.  They inspire me.

When I take a still photograph, it is after the picture has been captured that I find greatness in it.  On my last trek into the field, out of the 100 pictures I took, 2 were great.  One of them was unintentional.  I’ll even call it an accident.  From this same outing I shared 30 photographs with my friends who thought the majority of my pictures were great.

It’s said that beauty is in the eye of the beholder.  Defining great photographs is in the eye of the viewer.  Not all my photographs are shot great.  I don’t find all photographs that are well known to be beautiful or worthy of attention.  Having a majority agree upon greatness does not qualify greatness.

A feeling within me is where I find beauty in photographs.  This feeling is awe-inspiring.  It forms from the belief that the picture that lay before my eyes is a shot that I am not capable of capturing or one that I never thought to capture.  That is how greatness is defined.  Each eye that glances over a photograph and gives the viewer a feeling of awe is where greatness is formed.

Not everyone likes “Mandolin Rain.”  Not everyone thinks Ansel Adams photographs are any different than the local photographer in their town.  Photographs that inspire are great.  There will be some pictures that inspire me that won’t inspire you.  Inspiration comes from life experiences and journeys that only your shoes have walked.

If I am to answer again what makes a photograph good I would say, “You just know when it is.”  It is a creation that you could never think of until seeing.  Believing is seeing.  Great photographs are taken by those who believe without seeing.

VIDEO

I shoot video differently than I do still photographs.

It’s not one frame that makes video great.  It’s a collection of clips in a piece that makes the visual story great.  In news, we call that piece a package.  Each shot in the package does not have to be beautiful or mind blowing in order for the piece to be great.  It’s the whole that matters most: the variation of angles, the switching of wide to medium to tight, the transitional shots, tracking, point of view.  Video is more than framing a shot.  It’s guesswork.

When I shoot video, I try to predict how the reporter is going to write the story.  My shots are based upon someone else’s creation.  It’s not about my concept of beauty or shooting, it’s about working with someone else and creating multiple great shots that can fit into a story written by another.

I do my best to compose shots as I would photographs, capturing them in a way that another photographer would not think to do.  But my shots are reactionary.  They have to be this way or they may not have a place in the package.  I have tried to force great shots in my stories.  Seven years in, I know better.  Editing means throwing away clips that don’t fit into the package.  That includes shots that I define as great.

Shooting video is instinctual.  It’s predicting what another sees and how she will write it.  Each shot may not be beautiful.  But when the reporter writes “a reflection of the economic times” and I have a shot of a lease sign reflected off a glass window, that is greatness.

Social Media: Out With The Old

Originally written in August 2010 for a graduate class at Quinnipiac University.

The fliers aren’t being passed out.  The posters aren’t being taped to the lamp posts.  Nope.  It’s just Old Spice spicing up their social media campaign that has everyone talking.  They have rebranded their logo, redesigned their website, and used Twitter, Facebook, Digg, and YouTube to their advantage.  According to a Fresh Egg post on July 22, 2010, the campaign is being dubbed a success.

Three months prior in an article on Logo Guru entitled, “The saga of forgotten brands and their logo designs,” Sam Anderson lists Old Spice in the top five of forgotten brands.  He says, “Old spice is one brand that is fast vanishing out of site.”  It appears the company did something about it.

Their new logo is simple, clean and as Fresh Egg notes appeals to younger consumers.  With a rebrand comes a redesign of their website.

I visited the vamped up Old Spice homepage.  Social media is everywhere.  Facebook, Twitter, and YouTube buttons appear in the menu bar.  There are also dominant “Follow On” buttons near the center of the page for Twitter and YouTube.  The words “I’M ON AN INTERNET” appear front and center.

Further showing the transition from old to new are pictures displaying the Old Look versus the New Look.  Product appearances have changed.  Old Spice as a product may not have changed, but who the company wants to sell its products to has.

What can you do on Oldspice.com?  There is a Video tab.  On this page are multiple videos that are entertaining and funny.  They make you remember Old Spice.  There is a Downloads tab for wallpaper and ringtones including the Whistle Ringtone, which is the theme music for Old Spice.  Lastly, there is a Blogtab or as the pop out menu calls it “Man Thoughts.”

Outside of Oldspice.com you can find Old Spice on Twitter.  Here they leave funny tweets that lead to YouTube videos.  As Fresh Egg claims, these YouTube videos are responses to questions that consumers, the public, and celebrities have asked.  Reply tweets are made @Alyssa_Milano and @GStephanopoulous.  Old Spice is seeking that younger audience by using Twitter and Facebook.

On Facebook, each Old Spice status update again features a YouTube clip answering questions asked by consumers.  There are hundreds of people who utilize the “Like” button on Facebook or who have left comments under each status update.  Old Spice is applying social media links from one social media site to another.

On YouTube, Old Spice has their own channel.  Again featuring these fun, witty responses to consumer questions.  There have been over 100,000,000 upload views.  On YouTube, they have buttons to follow Old Spice on Facebook and Twitter.  Again linking one social media site to another.

Old Spice’s social media campaign is a success.  I never watch TV and I am familiar with it.  It’s making headlines because of its ingenuity.  Old Spice has become an inventor for those that need to reinvent.  Many companies are bound to follow suit.  Reproduction is the mark of a successful social media campaign.

It helps to have social media pages on Facebook, Twitter, and YouTube which link from one social media site to another to another.  Old Spice is everywhere.  The most important of all this news, people are talking.

I Know My Rights

Originally written in August 2010 for a graduate class at Quinnipiac University.

Photography has been in the headlines.  It’s being talked about at the water cooler.  Can police deny citizens the right to record officers with a video camera?

In a photojournalism class in college, I was taught my rights.  State laws vary.  In Massachusetts and Connecticut you have the right to record someone without their knowledge as long as you do not record audio.  If there are signs posted that prohibit videotaping on a premise then you cannot videotape on the property.  If I am on a public sidewalk I can photograph anyone.  If you are changing clothes in front of your window with the shades up, I have a right to videotape you.  I don’t need your permission.

I know what I can and cannot shoot.  I know where I can and cannot shoot.  That doesn’t mean the police know.  If they did I would be allowed to exercise my rights.

Police have prevented me from walking up to crime scene tape though the general public was allowed in the restricted area.  I shouldn’t have to question why passersby are granted access in order to be given access.  Crime scene tape is the cutoff, not the area before unless everyone is denied passage.

Police have prevented me from going onto private property that I was given permission to enter.  A body was found floating along the shore in Westbrook, CT.  A land owner adjacent to the crime scene permitted me to shoot from his property.  State police said I couldn’t go there.

I know my rights.  If an owner of a property gives me permission, I have a right to go on his property.  I called a lieutenant in the state police public relations department in Middletown who called the lead investigator on the scene to tell him I had a right to be on the property.  I was then granted access.

I can videotape police officers.  I was sent to cover a story of a woman who takes photographs and develops them on sidewalks.  I spotted the woman in a tent made of black trash bags.  The woman withdrew from her homemade darkroom and I interviewed her.  During the process, a bicycle cop stopped by and told the woman she couldn’t run a generator after 5 p.m.  He told her it was a violation.  She needed to stop.  I videotaped the officer as he addressed the woman.  I saw another angle to the story developing.  Then the officer directed his words towards me.  He told me I didn’t have his permission to videotape him.  I told him I didn’t need it.  He tried to tell me I did.  He was irritated.  I stood my ground.

I relayed to the officer that if he asked me to stop recording him, I would.  I insisted that I didn’t have to.  He asked me to stop recording.  I did, but told him only because he asked.  I know my rights.  I don’t need permission to videotape anyone in a public domain.

Nail Biter

Originally written in August 2010 for a graduate class at Quinnipiac University.

Every time I press the button, my blood pressure rises.  Deadlines don’t stress me out.  Breaking news I can handle.  Not having control – that’s my issue.

In the world of TV, it’s all about money.  I get it.  Why pay more when you can pay less? There are reasons for variations in prices.  One word makes the difference between cheap and expensive: reliability.

I am a satellite truck operator.  I don’t need a spectrum analyzer like the expensive satellite trucks to find my assigned satellite.  Polarization, azimuth, and elevation are minor words.  All I need to know is deploy and stow.

In order to make it easier for the one-man-bands of the world, television stations began to purchase satellite live trucks that involved a push of a button.  You literally start up the generator, turn on the breakers, look up and live, and push the deploy button.

Easy, right?  Only if the satellite dish chooses to find the satellite.  Buildings –  they get in the way.  Trees – they get in the way.

Every time I am sent out in the lesser of the satellite trucks, the tension starts to build as I get close to my destination.  Just as I scope the nearby area for bathrooms to run to after live shots, I also canvas the area for an open location.  Why?  Because if the dish chooses not to find the satellite, I need to thrust the truck into drive and haul it to that designated safety zone.

Splash is her name.  Yes the satellite truck is a female.  I talk to her.  I cheer her on when I know she can make the shot.  It does help.  She has been good to me.  She does have her moments.

A couple of weeks ago, I was sent to Hartford, CT in Splash.  I was suppose to go live for our midday show.  Hartford can be a tricky shot with its tall buildings.  I was told the shot would be on Broad St.  Here I knew buildings would not be a factor in finding the satellite.  Splash could easily handle this location.

I wait until 10 a.m. to start the live truck for our midday show.  I like to give the generator a break in between shows.  I figure if I take care of her, she’ll take care of me.  On this day, I decided to start the generator a half hour early.  I had never been live here. Why chance a last minute effort?  Good thing.

I pulled my compass out and looked southwest (this is where the TV satellites of the world live).  The skies were blue.  The white cumuli were minimal.  It was the clearest shot I could ask for.

There are 4 green lights that need to light up in order for Splash to acquire the satellite.   These 4 greens make me happy.  They mean I can go live.  Once it is determined I can go live, I have no worries.  On her good days, Splash finds 3 of 4 green lights without hesitation.

Perched on top of a hill above downtown Hartford, I waited for those three greens to give me the go.  Number one – yes.  Number two – alright.  Number 3…oh no.  ”Don’t do this to me.  There are clear skies all around you.  The satellite’s…right…there.”

Sometimes moving the truck 5 feet will solve the problem.  On that 80 degree Thursday, it didn’t.  I had to call the assignment desk.  They arranged for a microwave truck to be swapped out for the satellite truck.  If we were in Norwich, we would have missed our live shot.

I don’t get stressed when I have to edit a package in 20 minutes.  I remain calm when I am told to drive to a home explosion in New Milford ASAP.  Whenever I push that deploy button, my pulse becomes rapid.  My heart beats accelerate.  I have lost control.   I must rely on technology – the inexpensive and unreliable type.